Gyratory crusher

ABSTRACT

A gyratory crusher, the crusher cone of which under the intermediary of a spherical support bearing is journaled on a support stem which is longitudinally slidably guided in a hollow shaft stationarily mounted in the crusher housing, said support stem being connected with a piston-cylinder unit for adjustment of the crusher gap, and the cylinder of said piston-cylinder unit being insertible in the hollow shaft from above as a separate structural element.

United States Patent 1 Decker et a1.

GYRATORY CRUSHER Filed: Aug. 30, 1973 Appl. No: 392,856

Foreign Application Priority Data Sept. 2, 1972 Germany 2243313 US. Cl 241/211, 241/213, 241/286 Int. Cl. B02c 2/06 Field of Search 241/32, 207-216,

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 5/1944 Johnson 241/211 1 Mar. 25, 1975 2,448.936 9/1948 Van Zandt 241/215 3,473,743 10/1969 Winter 241/203 3,481,548 12/1969 Beisner ct a1 241/215 3,532,277 10/1970 Decker ct a1. 241/208 3,539,119 11/1970, Cook 241/215 Primary Examiner-Granvi1le Y. Custer, Jr. Assistant Examiner-Howard H. Goldberg Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Hill, Gross, Simpson, Van Santen, Steadman, Chiara & Simpson [57] ABSTRACT A gyratory crusher, the crusher cone of which under the intermediary of a spherical support bearing is journaled on a support stem which is longitudinally slidably guided in a hollow shaft stationarily mounted in the crusher housing, said support stem being connected with a piston-cylinder unit for adjustment of the crusher gap, and the cylinder of said pistoncylinder unit being insertible in the hollow shaft from above as a separate structural element.

9 Claims, Drawing Figures In llllyyf sum 2 {if 3 FIG. 3

FIR- THIRD MAR 25 i975 1 GYRATORYY CRUSHER This invention relates to a gyrator'y crusher, the crusher cone of which under the intermediary of a spherical support bearing is journaled on a support stem which is longitudinally slidably guided in a hollow shaft stationarily mounted in the crusher housing, said support stern being connected with a piston-cylinder unit for adjustment of the crusher gap.

In the gyratory crusher known from US. Pat. No. 3,532,277 there is at the bottom end of the support stem provided a spring means which comprises a prestressed cartridge of annular spring elements. The bottom end of the spring means is connected with a hollow piston which is guided in the lower end portion of said hollow shaft that constitutes a hydraulic cylinder. Adjustment of the width of the crusher gap is accomplished by means of a suitable fluid supply to said cylinder.

Since in gyratory crushers of this kind the support means for the crusher cone must from time to time be removed for repair and maintenance work, provisions must, in order to avoid significant operational disruptions, be made in order to render it feasible to perform the removal and re-insertion of the support means as rapidly as possible. In the abovementioned known gyratory crusher the support piston and the spring means secured to the support piston can be removed upwardly from the hollow shaft and subsequently re-inserted from above, while the cylinder bushing secured in the hollow shaft must be removed downwardly from the hollow shaft and subsequently re-inserted from below.

The main object of the present invention is to improve the construction of hydraulically adjustable gyratory crushers of the kind indicated in such a manner as to significantly facilitate the insertion and removal of the elements forming the gap adjustment means. This object is achieved by making the cylinder insertible in the hollow shaft from above as a separate structural element. Through this construction of the gyratory crusher it is in case of need feasible to remove and reinsert both the support stem and the piston-cylinder unit in a simple manner from above which obviously results in considerable simplification and savings of time as compared to similar known crushers in which one or more of said members are removable and insertible only from below. Shut-down periods for repair and maintenance work are thereby significantly reduced.

Another object of the invention is to provide the cylinder of said piston-cylinder unit with a downwardly extending hollow bottom plug which when the cylinder is in position within the hollow shaft establishes communication between the interior ofthe cylinder and a pressure fluid supply. When the cylinder is removed upwardly the plug is readily released from its seat together with the cylinder.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a gyratory crusher of the kind indicated in which the piston of the piston-cylinder unit is connected with the support stern and prevented from being pulled out upwardly from the cylinder by means ofa detachable stop member on the cylinder, whereby the support stem and the piston-cylinder unit are removable and insertible in the hollow shaft as a unitary assembly.

A further object of the invention is to provide in a gyratory crusher of the kind indicated a connection between the support stem and the piston which comprises an engagement lug means which permits a measure of free lateral movement between said two members, thereby eliminating damaging effects due to inaccuracies in the engaging surfaces and misalignment between the support stem and the piston. This embodiment of the invention is particularly advantageous in connection with large size gyratory crushers. This surface protective arrangement may be further improved by disposing a deformable intermediate layer between the piston and the support shaft.

Further details, features and advantages of the invention will be evident from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a vertical section through an embodiment of the invention with a gas container disposed in the support stem as an overload protection and a cylinder separately arranged in the hollow shaft and provided with a detachable stop member;

FIG. 2 shows a similar section of another embodiment of the invention with the support stem having mechanical overload protection means and with the cylinder separately arranged in the hollow shaft and provided with detachable stop means; and

FIG. 3 shows a similar section of a further embodiment in which the piston is separate from the support stem.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. I the gyratory crusher comprises a housing 1 in which a hollow shaft 2 is stationarily mounted in a vertical position. A cover member 4 with a top supply opening is removably secured to the upper rim of the housing 1 by means of a plurality of clamping bolts 6 which are uniformly distributed along the circumference of said upper housing rim. Necked-down bolts may alternatively be utilized for this purpose.

Laterally in the housing I a horizontal drive shaft 8 is rotatably mounted in a bearing bushing 7 and provided with a bevel pinion 9 in operative engagement with a bevel gear 10 which is secured to an eccentric bushing 11 journaled on the hollow shaft 2. A crusher cone 3 is supported on the upper end of a hollow sup port stem 13 through the intermediary of a spherical bearing 14, 15, and the support stem 13 is mounted within the hollow shaft 2 for sliding vertical movement. The crusher cone 3 is provided on its outside with a crusher lining 12 for crushing coaction with an interior crusher lining 5 on the cover member 4. Depending from the crusher cone 3 is a cylindrical sleeve 26 partly surrounding the eccentric bushing 11.

Inthe interior of the hollow support stem 13 there is disposed a resilient container 16 filled with pressurized gas and serving as an overload safety device. If an uncrushable particle enters the crusher gap between the linings 5 and 12, the container 16 is compressed against the pressure fluid and the crusher cone 3 is correspondingly deflected downwardly. Subsequently, the container 16 expands and forces the crusher cone 3 back to its original position.

Furnishing of lubricant to the bearing surfaces of the eccentric bushing 11, the crusher cone 3 and particularly the spherical support bearing 14, 15 takes place through a bore 18 in the hollow shaft 2 in communication with a lubricant supply conduit 17.

At its bottom end the support stem 13 is provided with an annular piston 19 which together with a tubular cylinder 20, located in the hollow shaft 2, forms a piston-cylinder unit. The crusher cone 3 is elevated or lowered by means of a pressure fluid which is supplied to the interior of the cylinder through a conduit 21 and which raises or lowers the piston 19. The cylinder 20 is provided with an inner removable annular stop member 22 which is engaged by a flange 190 on the piston to limit upward movement of the piston and raise the cylinder therewith during disassembly. An annular seal ring 23 holds the stop member 22 in the cylinder 20 by means of a ring member 24 which is also detachably connected to the cylinder. At its lower end portion the cylinder 20 is axially supported in the hollow shaft 2 and connected with the pressure fluid conduit 21 through an oil-tight plug connection 25.

According to the invention the cylinder 20 is installed in the hollow shaft 2 as a separate structural unit and for connection with the support stem 13 is provided with the detachable stop member 22. When the cylinder 20 and the supportstem 13 together with the piston 19 are removed, the piston flange 19a engages the stop member 22. Subsequently the piston 19 on the support stem 13 can in a simple manner be separated from the cylinder 20 through detachment of the ring 24 and removal of stop member 22. The installation of the support stem 13 together with the piston 19 and the cylinder 20 is also accomplished from above. Since a bunker, conveying means, etc., is disposed below the gyratory crusher, it is accessible from below only with difficulty. The servicing of the gyratory crusher is considerably simplified through the fact that according to the invention the installation and removal of the support stem together with the piston-cylinder unit can be performed from above. In turn, this entails shorter disruptions of operation and thereby reduces operational costs.

In the gyratory crusher shown in FIG. 2 there is provided in the support stem 26 a mechanical spring 27, for example a coil spring or an annular spring cartridge, which yieldingly supports the crusher cone. In this case the spring 27 constitutes similarily to the gas container 16in FIG. 1 an overload protection means. By means of a clamping bolt 28 the spring 27 may be accurately adjusted to the required operational pressure. Should this pressure be exceeded, the spring 27 will be com pressed and thereby permit the crusher cone to fall back downwardly. In this case the cylinder 30 in the hollow shaft 29 as well as the stop member 31 detachably disposed in the cylinder 30 are arranged exactly as in the embodiment of FIG. 1. For the control of the width of the crusher gap there is according to FIG. 2 provided an inductively operating measuring probe 32 which is inserted from below centrally through the inner end portion of the pressure fluid supply conduit 33 and the cylindrical space within the cylinder 30. The measuring probe 32 extends from below into a bore 34 in the support stem 26. By means of the measuring probe the width of the crusher gap may be continuously observed and in case of need readjusted.

In the gyratory crusher shown in FIG. 3 the support stem 35 and the piston 36 are made in the form of separate structural elements. They are connected with each other through an engagement dog member 37. Between the support stem 35 and the piston 36 a deformable intermediate layer 38 is provided. This intermediate layer may advantageously be made of synthetic material as, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene. Through this separate construction and arrangement of support stem and piston pressure due to misalignment may be avoided in an advantageous manner. This construction may be used in gyratory crushers with overload protection as in FIGS. 1 or 2, but also in gyratory crushers in which the overload protection means, such as a gas container as shown in FIG. 1, is disposed outside of the crusher and in communication with the pressure fluid in the adjustment cylinder.

The preferred arrangement illustrates the piston and cylinder unit having the piston as the upper member and the cylinder as the lower member. However, the positions of these parts can be reversed by providing a hollow piston as the lower member and a hollow cylinder receiving the piston as the upper member.

We claim:

1. A gyratory crusher, comprising a. a housing,

b. an interior crusher lining in said housing,

c. a crusher cone mounted in said housing for coaction with said interior crusher lining in the housing and forming a crusher gap therebetween,

d. a hollow shaft stationarily mounted in said housing in a substantially vertical position,

e. a support stem slidably guided in said hollow shaft for longitudinal movement,

f. a spherical support bearing at the top of said support stem for movably supporting said crusher cone,

g. eccentric sleeve means surrounding and rotatably mounted on said hollow shaft,

h. means secured to and depending from said crusher cone in sliding engagement with the exterior surface of said eccentric sleeve means,

i. drive means operationally connected with said eccentric sleeve means for imparting rotary motion to the same, and

j. a piston-cylinder unit connected with the support stem for adjustment of the width of the crusher gap, the cylinder of said piston-cylinder unit being insertible in a downward direction from above the housing into the hollow shaft as a separate structural member.

2. A gyratory crusher according to claim 1, in which said cylinder is axially supported in the hollow shaft and through the intermediary ofa hollow plug connection communicates with a pressure fluid supply conduit.

3. A gyratory crusher according to claim 1, in which said cylinder at its end facing the support stem is provided with at least one detachable stop member for coaction with said support stem.

4. A gyratory crusher according to claim 1, in which the support .stem rests loosely on said piston and through the intermediary of an engagement lug is connected with said piston.

5. A gyratory crusher according to claim 1, in which there is provided between said piston and said support stern a deformable intermediary layer.

6. A gyratory crusher according to claim 1, in which a fluid pressure connection extends upwardly in communication with the piston cylinder unit.

7. A gyratory crusher according to claim 1, in which a piston member of the piston cylinder unit is directly connected to the support stem and the cylinder unit rests at the base of a chamber formed within said hollow shaft.

6 piston-cylinder in communication with a pressure fluid source for selective adjustment of the width of the crusher gap, the improvement consisting in that said connection between the support stem and the pistoncylinder assembly is such as to render said pistoncylinder assembly removable from and insertable in a downward direction into said hollow shaft from above the housing as a single unit together with said support stem. 

1. A gyratory crusher, comprising a. a housing, b. an interior crusher lining in said housing, c. a crusher cone mounted in said housing for coaction with said interior crusher lining in the housing and forming a crusher gap therebetween, d. a hollow shaft stationarily mounted in said housing in a substantially vertical position, e. a support stem slidably guided in said hollow shaft for longitudinal movement, f. a spherical support bearing at the top of said support stem for movably supporting said crusher cone, g. eccentric sleeve means surrounding and rotatably mounted on said hollow shaft, h. means secured to and depending from said crusher cone in sliding engagement with the exterior surface of said eccentric sleeve means, i. drive means operationally connected with said eccentric sleeve means for imparting rotary motion to the same, and j. a piston-cylinder unit connected with the support stem for adjustment of the width of the crusher gap, the cylinder of said piston-cylinder unit being insertible in a downward direction from above the housing into the hollow shaft as a separate structural member.
 2. A gyratory crusher according to claim 1, in which said cylinder is axially supported in the hollow shaft and through the intermediary of a hollow plug connection communicates with a pressure fluid supply conduit.
 3. A gyratory crusher according to claim 1, in which said cylinder at its end facing the support stem is provided with at least one detachable stop member for coaction with said support stem.
 4. A gyratory crusher according to claim 1, in which the support stem rests loosely on said piston and through the intermediary of an engagement lug is connected with said piston.
 5. A gyratory crusher according to claim 1, in which there is provided between said piston and said support stem a deformable intermediary layer.
 6. A gyratory crusher according to claim 1, in which a fluid pressure connection extends upwardly in communication with the piston cylinder unit.
 7. A gyratory crusher according to claim 1, in which a piston member of the piston cylinder unit is directly connected to the support stem and the cylinder unit rests at the base of a chamber formed within said hollow shaft.
 8. A gyratory crusher according to claim 1, wherein said hollow shaft is closed at the lower end and has passageway means for pressurized fluid.
 9. In a gyratory crusher of the kind in which a variable size crusher gap is formed between an interior housing lining and a crusher cone mounted for wobbling, rotary movement on the top end of a support stem through the intermediary of a spherical friction bearing, said support stem being mounted for slidable longitudinal movement in a stationary hollow shaft in the housing and having connected to its lower end a piston-cylinder in communication with a pressure fluid source for selective adjustment of the width of the crusher gap, the improvement consisting in that said connection between the support stem and the piston-cylinder assembly is such as to render said pistoncylinder assembly removable from and insertable in a downward direction into said hollow shaft from above the housing as a single unit together with said support stem. 